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Abu Jaafar Mohammad bin Ali(as) was asked about (the explanation of) this verse,
"Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, and those vested with authority (from) among you" (4:59).
Abu Jaafar(as) replied:
"Have you not seen those to whom a portion of the scripture has been given? They believe in "jibt and taghut" - which refers to Abu Bakr and Omar - "and they say about the disbelievers. 'these are the better guided (in the path) than those who believe (in Allah) (4:51)."
"Those are they whom Allah has cursed; and he whom Allah curses, for him you shall not find any helper"(4:52).
"Or have they a share in the kingdom (4:53). The kingdom refers to Imamate and Caliphate.
"But then they would not give to the people even the speck on a date-stone" (4:53)
"Or do they envy the people for what Allah has given them of His grace?" (4:54). We are the envied ones for that which Allah has given us, because He has given us the Imamate and no one else.
"But indeed, We gave to Ibrahim 's children the book and wisdom and We gave them a great kingdom" (4:54). This means that Allah made prophets, messengers and Imams from the children of Ibrahim. So why do people believe in this for the family of Imran but deny it for the family of Mohammad?
"Then amongst them is he who believes in him (Mohammad), and amongst them is he who goes against him (obstructively); and Hell is sufficient as a blazing fire. Verily, those who disbelieve Our signs, We shall soon cast them into fire. As often as their skins are burnt up, We shall change them for fresh skins, that they may taste the torment. Verily Allah is mighty, wise! And (as for) those who believe and do good deeds, We shall admit them into gardens in which rivers flow, to abide therein forever; therein they shall have pure spouses; We shall make them enter a dense shade" (4:55,57).
"Verily Allah commands you to render back your trusts to their owners; and when you judge between men, judge with justice" (4:58). This verse (4:58) is directed to us and it refers to the time when we will come back and achieve victory. (After all of these verses, 4:51-58) then Allah says to the people, "Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, and those vested with authority (from) among you" (4:59).
Faz'l bin Yahya asked, "What is meant in this verse? 'Verily, verily, your guardian is Allah and His Messenger (Mohammad) and those who believe and establish prayer, and give the poor-rate while they are (in the state of Ruku) bowing down' (5:55)."
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "I swear to Allah that He meant us in this verse."
I asked, "How about this verse? 'Say to them: 'Act (as you will). Allah (watches) your deeds, and (so does) the Messenger and the believers' (9:105)."
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "I swear to Allah that He meant us in this verse."
I asked, "How about this verse? 'And thus We have made you a justly balanced group, so that you may be witnesses over mankind, and so that the Messenger may be a witness over you' (2:143)."
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "We are the justly balanced group, we are Allah's witnesses on His creation, and we are His decisive arguments on His creation."
I asked, "How about this verse? 'But indeed We gave to Ibrahim's children the book and wisdom and We gave them a great kingdom’ (4:54)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "Giving us (Ibrahim's children) the great kingdom means making us the Imams. This is the great kingdom because those who obey the Imams have obeyed Allah, and those who disobey the Imams have disobeyed Allah."
I asked:
How about this verse? O you who believe! Bow down and prostrate yourselves, and worship your lord and do good, that haply you may succeed. Strive (fight) in (the way of) Allah as you ought to strive (fight). He has chosen you and has not laid upon you any hardship in religion, the faith of your father, Ibrahim. He named you Muslim before and in this (book), that the Messenger may be witness over you, and that you may be witnesses over mankind (22:77-78).
Abu Iaafar(as) replied:
He meant us. We are the "chosen" ones. He has not laid upon us any hardship. "Faith of our father Ibrahim" refers specifically to us. Ibrahim is the one who named us Muslims in the previous books. The Messenger of Allah(saww) is witness over us in what he informed us from Allah, and we are the witnesses of the people. We will save those who believe in us (in this life) on the Day of Judgement, and we will deny those who deny us (in this life) on the Day of Judgement.
I asked, "How about this verse? 'Say (0 Mohammad): 'Allah and he who has the knowledge of the book are sufficient as witnesses between me and you' (13:43)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "(He who has the knowledge of the book) refers to us, and is our most complete one. He is the first of us and the best of us after the Prophet."
I asked, "How about this verse? 'Verily, it is a reminder to you and your people; and you shall soon be questioned about it (43:44)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "He meant us. We are the people of the reminder and we are those who will be questioned' (who will be asked to report back).
I asked, "How about this verse? 'Verily you are a Warner, and to every people there is a guide' (13:7)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "The Warner is the Messenger of Allah(saww):, and for every era there is an Imam from us who guides people to the message of the Prophet(saww). So the guides after the Prophet(saww) were Ali bin Abi Taleb(as) and his successors(as)."
I asked, "How about this verse? 'None knows its (hidden) interpretation except Allah and those (who are) firmly rooted in knowledge' (3:7)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied:
The Messenger of Allah(saww) is the best of "those who are firmly rooted in knowledge." The Prophet(saww) understood everything that was sent down to him, and there was nothing that he received that he did not understand. And also we, as his successors, know everything that he knew. The Qur'an contains specific (information) and general (information), temporary rules and permanent rules, and simple verses and complicated verses. Only those who are firmly rooted in knowledge know all of this.
I asked, "How about this verse? 'Then We gave the book as inheritance to those whom We chose from among Our servants; and of them is he who is unjust to himself, and of them is he who follows the middle course, and of them is he who, by Allah’s leave, is foremost in goodness - this is the greatest excellence' (35:32)?"
Abu Jaafar(as) replied, "He meant us; the foremost are the Imams. Those who follow the middle course are those who follow us, and those who are unjust are those who have stopped following us."'
Source: Source: Basharat ul Mustafa Le Shiyyat e Murtuza, Chapter 5, Hadees 37/ Al Kafi, Vol 1, Pg 205 / Bihar Al anwar, Vol 23, Pg 289 / Irshad Al Qolub, Vol 2, Pg 298