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Hadith 1:
عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَكُونُ لَهُ الْحَاجَةُ إِلَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَيَبْدَأُ بِالثَّنَاءِ عَلَى الله وَالصَّلاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ حَتَّى يَنْسَى حَاجَتَهُ فَيَقْضِيهَا الله لَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْأَلَهُ إِيَّاهَا
Narrated that Abu Abd-Allah Imam Sadiq (عليه السلام) said,
"A servant (of Allah) has a need/request from Allah (عز وجل), so he begins with praising Allah and reciting Salutation (Salawat) upon Muhammad and Aal-e-Muhammad (عليهم السلام) until he forgets to ask for his need. Hence Allah fulfills his need without him asking for it."
[Source: al-Kafi, Vol. 2, Pg. 501]
Hadith 2:
وَ قَالَ ع إِذَا كَانَتْ عَشِيَّةُ الْخَمِيسِ وَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ نَزَلَتْ مَلَائِكَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ مَعَهَا أَقْلَامُ الذَّهَبِ وَ صُحُفُ الْفِضَّةِ لَا يَكْتُبُونَ عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ وَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى أَنْ تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ إِلَّا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ص
Narrated that Imam Sadiq (عليه السلام) said:
"When it is the eve of Thursday and the night of Friday, angels descend from the heavens with pens of gold and scrolls of silver. They write nothing during the eve of Thursday, the night of Friday, and the day of Friday until the sun sets, except for the sending of blessings [Salawat] upon the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله)."
[Source: al-Faqih - Shaikh Saduq, Vol. 1, Pg. 424]
Hadith 3:
محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد، عن أبيه، عمن ذكره، عن محمد بن أبي حمزة عن أبيه قال: قال أبو جعفر (عليه السلام): من قال في ركوعه وسجوده وقيامه: " صلى الله على محمد و آل محمد " كتب الله له بمثل الركوع والسجود والقيام
Narrated that Abu Jafar Imam Baqir (عليه السلام) said,
"Whoever says in his bowing (ruku), prostration (sajdah), and standing (Qiyam): "May Allah bless Muhammad (ص) and the family of Muhammad (ع) (i.e. recite salawaat) - Allah will write for him reward equivalent of bowing, prostration, and standing (i.e. he will get reward for any additional ruku, sujood and qiyam)."
[Source: al-Kafi, Vol. 3. Pg. 324]
Hadith 4:
جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَذْكُرُ النَّبِيَّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ إِمَّا رَاكِعاً وَإِمَّا سَاجِداً فَيُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ الصَّلاَةَ عَلَى نَبِيِّ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) كَهَيْئَةِ التَّكْبِيرِ وَالتَّسْبِيحِ وَهِيَ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ يَبْتَدِرُهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ مَلَكاً أَيُّهُمْ يُبَلِّغُهَا إِيَّاهُ.
The narrator says,
I asked Abu Abd Allah Imam Sadiq (عليه السلام) about a man who remembers the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وآله) while he is in the obligatory prayer, either while bowing [ruku] or prostrating [sajdah], so can he send blessings upon him in that state?
The Imam replied, "Yes. Indeed, sending blessings upon the Prophet of Allah (صلى الله عليه وآله) is of the same position as the Takbir (saying 'Allahu Akbar') and the Tasbih (saying 'Subhanallah'). And it is [counted as] ten good deeds, and eighteen angels rush to it, competing over which of them will deliver the salutation to him [i.e. the Prophet]."
[Source: al-Kafi, Vol.3, Pg. 322]